Simultaneous fall and flow during pyroclastic eruptions: A novel proximal hybrid facies

Abstract The deposits of Plinian and subplinian eruptions provide critical insights into past volcanic events inform numerical models that aim to mitigate against future hazards. However, pyroclastic are often considered from either a fallout or density current (PDC) perspective, with little attention given facies exhibiting characteristics both processes. Such hybrid units may be created where PDCs act simultaneously, transitional phase between the two occurs, and/or due reworking. This study presents analysis novel lithofacies found on Tenerife (Canary Islands) Pantelleria (Italy). coarse pumice block has an openwork texture correlates distal units, but it is cross-stratified relatively poorly sorted erosional base. proposed record simultaneous interaction very proximal turbulent PDCs, reveals fuller spectrum deposition than previously reported. work highlights importance recognizing in rock hazard modeling.